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Monday Morning Development Newsletter:  


Development Highlights
By Lykke E. Andersen*, La Paz, 2 June 2008.

Due to travelling, this weeks' newsletter will highlight a collection of earlier articles on the topic of Development.


The First Principle of Development: It has to come from within (L. E. Andersen)

There are many ways for a country to develop, but there is no way to develop a country: Development has to come from within.

Just as you cannot help a child develop by doing his homework, giving him all the toys and candy he wants, and protecting him from all potential dangers, you cannot help a country to develop by giving it money, writing its poverty reduction strategies, or protecting it against basic market forces. (Continue reading...)


Do Your Aid Projects Hurt the Poor? (L. E. Andersen)

There are many aid pessimists, like me, who would much rather be aid optimists. However, the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of foreign aid is depressing, especially in poor countries where aid constitutes a significant share of GDP, as in Bolivia and Nicaragua.

Any particular aid project is unlikely to actually hurt the poor – at worst it may be ineffective and a waste of time and money. However, a continuous series of thousands of aid projects have the capacity to change the behavior of both individuals and government, and often in unanticipated and undesirable ways. (Continue reading...) 


Poverty on a 62-foot yacht in the Pacific Ocean (L. E. Andersen)

Most of the people who write about poverty have never themselves been poor (including myself). This is not so strange, since the poor are too poor to write, even if some of them have the ability. They do not have the surplus of energy and time alone that is required to sit down and write to record or transmit their feelings, thoughts and ideas. They do not write blogs or diaries and they virtually never get hired as consultants to study poverty.

Might it be the case that the ones writing about poverty don’t really understand it? (Continue reading ...)
 

Why don’t all countries adopt good institutions?(L. E. Andersen)

Having good institutions that guarantee citizens a large degree of economic freedom has been shown to be strongly correlated with the usual development indicators, such as GDP per capita, life expectancy, and literacy rates, and negatively correlated with poverty, child labor, child mortality and informality. 

Why do some countries tangle their citizens in red tape, waste people’s time with dozens of national holidays, and clog up the streets with patriotic parades? Why does it have to take months and cost a small fortune (150% of average annual per capita GDP) to set up a formal enterprise in Bolivia, when in Denmark and Canada it can be done in half an hour at no cost?

Why don’t all countries adopt good institutions? (Continue reading...)


Envy, Black Magic, Growth and Inequality (L. E. Andersen)

It has been reasonably well-established in the literature that not only absolute income levels matter for the level of happiness, but also relative income levels. You don’t like to see too much poverty around you (thus the case for altruism), but you don’t like to see rich, ostentatious people either (causing envy). This article is mostly about the latter.

If you can’t increase your own income (for example because of low social mobility), then you can theoretically improve your happiness by reducing other people’s incomes. This would explain such unconstructive behavior as vandalism and black magic. (Continue reading...) 

 

 

 

 

(*) Director, Institute for Advanced Development Studies, La Paz, Bolivia. The author happily receives comments at the following e-mail: landersen@inesad.edu.bo.

Ó Institute for Advanced Development Studies 2008. The opinions expressed in this Newsletter are those of the author, and do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute or of the sponsors.

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